Sat 13 April 2019
Lesson 2: Suhuur, Janabah & Menstruation, Forgetfulness & Expiation
The Suhuur
- The hadith of Anas Ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him)
- What did the Prophet (ﷺ) say about the suhuur and the barakah (blessing) within it?
- This hadith indicates that one should not start fasting before the time of Fajr
- Some people make the mistake of starting their fast very early so that they start well in advance of the Fajr time entering
- Linguistic: is it Sahuur or is it suhuur?
- Having the suhuur is an act of worship, why is this?
- Should one have the suhuur meal close to the end time or very early? why?
- How can you tell when the time for the suhuur has ended?
- If a person did not have the suhuur meal, is this a sin?
- Some people have a big meal after taraweeh, then do not eat anything else for the rest of the night and miss the suhuur, is this correct?
- Hadith of Anas Ibn Malik from Zaid Ibn Thaabit (may Allah be pleased with them both)
- Did the companions have the suhuur late?
- How much time did the salaf leave from the time when they finished their suhuur until the start time of Fajr?
The state of Janabah
- Hadith of ‘Aisha and Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with them both)
- The fajr time used to enter and the Prophet (ﷺ) would still be in a state of Janabah (ritual impurity), then he would make ghusl and start fasting
- This hadith indicates that it is permissible to eat and drink and to have marital relations/intercourse up until the Fajr time starts
- The cut off for eating, drinking, and intercourse is the start time of Fajr. Up until this time these matters are permissible and do not affect the fast
- Allah says: “It is made lawful for you to have sexual relations with your wives on the night of As-Saum (the fasts). They are Libas [i.e. body cover, or screen, or Sakan, (i.e. you enjoy the pleasure of living with her – as in Verse 7:189) Tafsir At-Tabari], for you and you are the same for them. Allah knows that you used to deceive yourselves, so He turned to you (accepted your repentance) and forgave you. So now have sexual relations with them and seek that which Allah has ordained for you (offspring), and eat and drink until the white thread (light) of dawn appears to you distinct from the black thread (darkness of night), then complete your Saum (fast) till the nightfall. And do not have sexual relations with them (your wives) while you are in I’tikaf (i.e. confining oneself in a mosque for prayers and invocations leaving the worldly activities) in the mosques. These are the limits (set) by Allah, so approach them not. Thus does Allah make clear His Ayat (proofs, evidences, lessons, signs, revelations, verses, laws, legal and illegal things, Allah’s set limits, orders, etc.) to mankind that they may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious – see V. 2:2).” [Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow) verse 187]
Menstruation
- The above rules about the state of Janabah (ritual impurity) apply to the menses as well
- What is an Example?
- This is from among the mercy of Allah towards his servants
Forgetfulness
- Hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him)
- Whoever forgets that he is fasting, and eats and/or drinks out of forgetfulness, then he remembers that he is fasting and immediately stops eating/drinking, then he should carry on for the rest of the day and his day counts (i.e. it has not been invalidated)
- What happens if you remember but you have food in your mouth, should you remove it from your mouth?
- What happens if a person remembers he is fasting, but then continues to eat or drink? Does this invalidate his fast?
- Allah says: “Allah burdens not a person beyond his scope. He gets reward for that (good) which he has earned, and he is punished for that (evil) which he has earned. “Our Lord! Punish us not if we forget or fall into error, our Lord! Lay not on us a burden like that which You did lay on those before us (Jews and Christians); our Lord! Put not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear. Pardon us and grant us Forgiveness. Have mercy on us. You are our Maula (Patron, Supporter and Protector, etc.) and give us victory over the disbelieving people.” [Surah Al-Baqarah (The Cow) verse 286]
The one who engages in intercourse whilst Fasting in Ramadhan
- Hadith of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him)
- How the companions feared and recognised the significance of sins
- Intercourse is prohibited during fasting
- Intercouse nullifies and invalidates the fast of a fasting person and an expiation is required
- Expiation, in the order below and NOT as a choice
- 1. Free a slave
- 2. Fast 2 consecutive months
- 3. Feed 60 poor people
- The gentleness of the Prophet (ﷺ) towards the people
- The hadith seems to indicate that if a person in unable to do the expiation then it drops, however this is differed upon by the Scholars. Some scholars say it is dropped whilst other Scholars say it is put on hold until you are able to carry it out
- Expiation is obligatory upon the man, this is agreed upon, but is it obligatory upon the woman too?
- Note: the hadith itself does not mention anything about the woman, rather it speaks about the man. Therefore some scholars say that the expiation is upon the man only whilst other scholars say that if the intercourse was consensual then the expiation is upon the woman too
Q&A
- If someone to expiates a day of fasting by freeing a slave, does he then also have to make that day up?
- Is a person forgiven if he was genuinely unaware/ignorant about the ruling regarding intercourse whilst fasting, is he excused from expiation? [Insha Allah this will be covered next week bi’dihnillaah]