Alhuda Bolton

40 Hadith: Lesson 17

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Sun 3 Feb 2019

Lesson 17: Hadith 8 (Part 2-7)

Hadith 8

  • On the authority of Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said, “I have been commanded to fight the people until they testify that none has the right to be worshiped in truth except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and to establish the prayer and pay the zakat. Then If they do that then their blood and wealth are safe from me except by the right of Islam, and their reckoning is with Allah, The Exalted.” [Bukhari & Muslim]
  • The explanation of this hadith is split into 7 parts
  • We did Part 1 (regarding  The statement of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) “I have been commanded to fight the people…”) in Lesson 16

Recap of Part 1

  • The importance of understanding the statement of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) “I have been ordered to fight the people…”
  • Understanding the deception of those extremists who seek to interpret this statement to suit their goals
    • The khawarij extremists (e.g. ISIS or Al-Qaedah) who seek to twist this statement to justify killing innocent people
    • The professional haters of Islam who seek to twist this statement in order to portray it as a barbaric religion
  • How to refute the deception of the khawarij extremists and likewise the haters of Islam?
  • How do these misguided groups misuse the Qur’an also?
  • Comparison of the true history of the religion of Islam with the barbarism of previous generations such as the Romans, the Crusaders, the Empire building of the west as well as the various wars that occured in the name of other groups

Part 2: Difference of Wording between narration of Umar and Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both)

  • Context of Caliph Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and the apostates who refused to pay Zakah
  • The narration of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) and the context of his discussion with Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him)
  • The fighting that occurs as a result of a Muslim ruler
  • It is not for the common citizen to fight people who do not pay Zakah and take the ruling into his own hands (i.e. as  a vigilante)
  • The statement of Ibn Hajar (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding those who question the narration of Ibn Umar
  • This hadith highlights to us that it is possible for a hadith to be unknown to a senior companion whilst a younger companions knows of it
  • This hadith also shows us that an authentic sunnah overrides the opinions of men regardless of their great status
  • Question: could it be that perhaps Ibn Umar did not

Part 3: An exception to fighting the people are the People of the Book

  • Who are the people of the book? These are the Jews and the Christians
  • Why have these two groups been exceptioned?
  • What is the Jizyah?
  • The Jews and Christians are exceptioned when they pay the Jizyah
  • NOTE: under a Muslim Ruler, the muslims pay the Zakah as an act of worship  and the Jews and Christians pay the Jizyah as a tax
  • The Muslim ruler has the right to fight those who fight against him to not pay Zakah or Jizyah

Part 4: Pronouncing the Shahaadh enters a person into Islam

  • The first thing which a person needs to do in order to become a Muslim is to pronounce the Shahaadah (Testimony of Faith)
  • What is the Shahadah?
  • This is in opposition to the misguided philosophers and the mu’tazilah misguided sect who say that the first step towards becoming a Muslim is to have some mental/philosophical process

Part 5: Fighting of the Muslim ruler against those who withhold the Zakah can only occur if they fight to withhold

  • This hadith does applies to those refuse to pay the Zakah and who fight against the Muslim ruler
  • As for those who do not fight to withhold the zakah then they are not fought against but rather the Zakah is taken from them

Part 6: the statement of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) “…and their reckoning is with Allah, The Exalted”

  • A person who pronounces the shahaadah, and establishes the prayer and pays the Zakah then he is considered a Muslim
  • If it is the case i.e. someone who does the above with sincerity then such a person will benefit from this, both in this world and the hereafter
  • If it is the case that a person does the above outwardly out of Hypocrisy then he will be placed in the lowest depths of Hell, However as far as we deal with him in this life then his affair is left to him and he is dealt with as a Muslim
  • Whoever makes manifest Islam then it is accepted from him and what is within himself is left to Allah

Part 7: Summary of Benefits

  • 1. The command of fighting until the shahaadah is attained, the prayer and the zakah are established. This is in reference to a people who fight and hinder against this.
  • 2. S statement (the shahaadah) has been referred to as a verb
  • 3. Actions will be taken to account on the day of Judgement
  • 4. Whoever withholds against the Zakah forcibly then he is fought against
  • 5. Whoever makes manifest Islam then it is accepted from him
  • 6. The two Shahaadahs (i.e. to testify that none has the right to be worshiped in truth except Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ) are inseparable and indispensable
  • 7. This hadith highlights the great status and significance of prayer and Zakah